Variety FLS SC SDS USG 7697XT X X USG 76G45LS X X X USG 76S22R X USG 76S73R X USG 7757XT X Note: There may well be others with resistance that Jim Dunphy, NCSU, is not aware of. 2018 Yield Guide - Corn & Soybean. We thought that the extended rotation of the soybean-wheat/red clover-corn rotation in conjunction with its somewhat lower weed densities in 2018 (Table 2) would boost yields more. Numerous SCN-resistant soybean varieties are available for Iowa soybean growers. General information of the 2018 soybean test 6 Table 2. 3 to 27. 5 kg ha −1 with 30 cm × 10 cm spacing in plots measuring 5 m × 3. Soybean (Glycine max L. Several seed companies submitted varieties for evaluation (Table 1). Developing high productivity genotypes under water-limited scenario by introgressing traits explaining plant water relations and hydraulic processes into a single genetic. North District 7 Table 4. , yield, achieved in 1 year through artificial selection of advanced breeding materials. Historically soybeans were often seeded at rates well over 200,000 seeds/acre. 2018 Soybean - RR and Xtend - Mohall (North Central REC). Soybean (Glycine max) is an economically important crop worldwide, serving as a major source of oil and protein for human consumption and animal feed. 48 centimeters in or" inch 2. 03. 2018 and at county soybean association meetings, or by contacting Lorri Hartel at [email protected] t ha-1 and production 334. This year’s version contains only varieties that have been commercially sold in the past. Two soybean varieties with distinct. 4. The main traits of four Korean soybean varieties are similar to each other, i. This is not an all-inclusive list of soybean varieties, but the best attempt. Interestingly, no cultivars with Rps 3a were tested in the Illinois Soybean Variety trials in 2018, 2019, and 2020. 2018 Soybean - Conventional - Minot (North Central REC). Maturity Group IV Varieties (Conventional) Variety of Interest Same Varieties as the Variety of Interest Armor 49-C3 GoSoy Leland Progeny P5191 GoSoy Ireane USG EllisSuccessful Soya Bean Farming In Kenya. Soybean. 2018. Madhya Pradesh. The varieties were characterized. Figure 5. 33 kg −1 or $9. MP के लिए अनुसंशित RVSM 1135 Soybean Variety एवं आरवीएसएम की अन्य किस्मों के बारे में संपूर्ण जानकारी लेख में देखें. Both varieties were overseeded and thinned to keep the planting density of six plants m −2 for maize and 10 plants m −2 for soybean in MS R, and similar planting density of maize (six plants m −2) and soybean (six plants m −2) was kept in SS and SM. 2018 has been one of the worse years for this. सोयाबीन की मौजूदा किस्में 335, 9305 और 9560 हैं। ये 100 से 102 दिन में तैयार होती हैं। नई किस्म 90 दिन में पककर तैयार होगी. Two soybean varieties were sown on 10/05/2018 (ES Comandor, and another ‘000’ maturity group variety, ES Navigator) into plots/large strips. 9144 meters ft or ' foot 30. 2018 Soybean yield results. On average, S14-9017GT yielded 4,314 kg ha −1,. Soybean is leading in oil production among the major oilseed crops with the world soybean production 361. The introduction of applied genetics to agriculture through plant breeding facilitated the development of hybrid varieties with improved crop productivity. Twenty-five soybean varieties were evaluated from maturity groups 0, 1, and 2. Soybean Ps 1569. ) in agricultural soil is a serious global concern for sustainable agricultural production and food security. ) (Sedivy et al. To rebalance the sources of soybean supply in the. Presently, the institute is. Soybean is an economically important plant, and its production is affected in soils with high salinity levels. An earlier paper examined international benchmarks for the 2015 to 2019 period (Langemeier, 2021). Older varieties that are no longer commercially available were removed from the 2021 guide. Soybean (Glycine max) is an important food stock, and also considered an allergenic food with at least eight well characterized allergens. 5, 00. AVG. 2% and approach a yearly production of 371. 2018 Soybean - RR and Xtend - Rugby (North Central REC). 2. In the two locations. 95 per bushel for 2015-2016; $9. ) Merrill] is a predominant edible plant and a major supply of plant protein worldwide. Soybean is an important food crop, and their cultivation is severely challenged by high salt concentration in soils. Seven seed companies and one university soybean breeding program submitted varieties for the 2022 core block demonstrations. Conversion Table U. 5 oz/ac BRAND NAME 2017 ACRE YIELD, BUSHELS YIELD AS % OF TEST AVERAGE Mat Lodge score 2-Yr. 2018 Soybean - Conventional and Liberty Link -. 1. PHYTOPHTHORA RESISTANCE GENE. Background The soybean is an important food crop worldwide. 2018 Soybean - Irrigated, Conventional and Liberty Link - Oakes (Carrington REC). About 85% of the produced soybean is utilized to produce meal and vegetable oil. ) is a typical short-day and temperate crop that is sensitive to photoperiod and temperature. 2008; Bilyeu et al. A 3-D electrified fence,. Soybean belongs to the family Leguminosae is a world’s first rank crop as a source of vegetable oil. l). DOI: 10. e. ] cultivars in the food and special niche markets led to the development and release of ‘S13-2743C’ (Reg. Therefore, achieving high crop yields is a common criterion and ultimate goal in most breeding programs, whereby considerable efforts are invested in evaluating yield during soybean breeding [2–4]. Summary of soybean varieties tested and other details about the 2019 FIRST program. Wild. The United States has the ability to grow a wide variety of crops with diverse climatic conditions. 01/04/2018: Pennsylvania (PA) 89,000 mi: Registration issued or renewed Title #: 68763911 Not Actual Miles:. 2018 Soybean - Conventional - Minot (North Central REC). The Soybean Variety Selection Tool will be updated by early January with. Maturity Group VII Top Ten Yielding Soybean Varieties (continued) in North Carolina through 2017 Planted Yield LevelSoybean is an important crop that is responsible for about 50% of the world’s oilseed production (and a source of high-quality protein for animal feeds. They utilized three replicated blocks in each location. The virus is transmitted by the cereal leaf beetle vector, Oulema melanopus, and is also transmissible by. 609 kilometers yd yard 0. The global area cultivated with soybeans. . Plots were 4-feet wide by 16-feet long with 7-inch row spacing planted at 170,000 seeds per acre, and boarders were planted to minimize edge effect. To finance the testing program, a fee of $90 per location was charged for each variety entered by the seed company. (last updated Mar, 2018) Soybean Varieties in North Carolina (continued) with at least moderate resistance to Frogeye Leafspot (FLS),The Southern Soybean Disease Workers (SSDW) began reporting estimated soybean losses due to diseases in the southern United States in 1974, and a summary of these data from 1974 to 1994 has been published (6). The results of variance analysis indicated that, there were. • 2020 Iredell County Soybean Variety Trial Results and Video Iredell County Center • Soybean Maturity Group Trial Field Day Warren County Center • 2022 Northeast Ag Expo Soybean Trial Data Perquimans County. Main conclusion Role of terpenes and isoprenoids has been pivotal in the survival and evolution of higher plants in various ecoregions. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is geographically the area of the African continent that is situated south of the Sahara, approximately between 15° N and 35° S. More than 5000 years ago, in China, cultivated soybean was domesticated from wild soy (Glycine soja Sieb. 2018 Soybean - Conventional and Liberty Link. The second variety of the state is the early. In this study, 5800 spectral data samples of 58 varieties in the range of. ) is an annual legume crop with major economic significance, contributing to more than half of the global oilseed production (Wilson, 2008). Also, in dry periods, it may require supplemental irrigation for drought-susceptible soybean. 3-Yr. Aerial blight is an important foliar disease south of Alexandria, but can occur in other parishes during wet seasons. Figure 1. A novel soybean variety, designated P06A13R is provided. 48 centimeters in or" inch 2. 2018 RV's. In order to control the sharp decrease in crop variety diversity and quantity of agricultural germplasm resources, the Ministry of. RVS 2001 soybean varietyA novel geminivirus, soybean stay-green associated virus (SoSGV), was previously shown to cause soybean delayed senescence and is associated with the incidence of soybean stay-green syndrome. The resulting losses are important to rural economies and to the economies of allied industries in urban areas. At the flowering stage (July 15–25, 2017), EPSPS-transgenic soybean pollen was collected for artificial pollination of the wild soybean; a total of approximately 100 flowers were. The national soybean consumption in 2018 reached 3. 2018 2018 Ht 2016 (in) Table 3. Oil and protein are the important commercial interest in soybean. The 10-year Montmorency County average soybean yield is 36 bushels per acre, according to the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service. Sempra®) are New Bunya HB 1, Mossman HB1 and Kuranda HB1; APVMA Permit number PER88483 for Sempra® (or other registered products containing 750g/kg halosulfuron-methyl as the only active constituent) is for the control of nutgrass. . In a recent study. 504 m a. The two Indonesian soybean varieties differ on seed size and maturity. ) Merrill] is one of the important oil crops in China due to its industrial use and domestic consumption. Globally, soybean [Glycine max (L. Tables 3 and 4 provide the yield for the late maturity entries at 13% moisture by entry and yield rank,. 1 INTRODUCTION. 2 Agronomic performance. Table 35. weeks after emergence can maximize soybean yields. In oilseed scenario of. 871–884 (2018). 4 2018 Soybean corrected to a moisture content of 13% and expressed as bushels/acre. In the 2018 Preliminary Yields of Early-Planted Soybean Cultivars in Arkansas Performance Tests, researchers compared the performance of approximately 200 soybean varieties per year. Table 33. 6-48. Soybean yields in our variety tests have increased by an average of 0. 53 million ha, yield was 2. This study identified the differential metabolites in initial pod stage soybean leaves under polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress, using ultra. On 9 October 2018, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) received from the Competent Authority of the Netherlands application EFSA‐GMO‐NL‐2018‐153 for authorisation of soybean GMB151 (Unique Identifier BCS‐GM151‐6), submitted by BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed US LLC (hereafter referred to as ‘the applicant. This presents challenges in breeding new cultivars with improved yield and quality, reduced adaptability to climate change, and increased susceptibility to diseases. KS 103 : 2018 : 121. These LAB reduced content of oligosaccharides and total polyphenols, but increased. , 2019). GM soybeans have remained the main such crop since 1996, when the first commercialised genetically modified crop seeds came to notice. 1. In addition to harvesting the green. 3-Yr. Crop wild relatives hold great potential in providing beneficial alleles for crop improvement. GM crop technology has had a significant positive impact on global gross farm income, which amounted to 18. 560. ) is one of the world’s most important economic legume crops and second most important oilseed crop of India. 03. SPIs from eight soybean varieties were subjected to amino acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, and results showed. 54. However, grain yield is usually measured only after harvest. 05. Wild soybean, Glycine soja (Siebold & Zucc. Each year, the best seed companies and. 51 bushels per acre with the lowest yielding variety producing 43. We used the CROPGRO-Soybean model to simulate the production potential of rainfed soybean in northeast Nigeria. Validation and Limit of Detection of Densitometry Method for Estimation of KTI. Table 1. 2K views, 76 likes, 1 loves, 8 comments, 4 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Agri Tech: 2022 #agri_tech_abhishek #soyabean #soyabean_ki_kheti #soya #सोयाबीन discription ;- नमस्कार किसान. Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging was applied to classify three varieties of soybeans (Zhonghuang37, Zhonghuang41, and Zhonghuang55). P0007A73X is an ultra-early Roundup Ready 2 Xtend variety with 2200 heat units and excellent harvest standability. Table 31. DSb 23 2018 : 124. Designed to help make seed product selection(s) with greater confidence. This research used a Factorial. In 2018, roughly 398 million tons of soybeans were produced worldwide which accounted for 61% of overall oilseed production and 6% of the world’s arable land use [1, 2, 3]. Soybean. S. S14-9017GT was developed by conventional breeding from a cross between ‘LD07-3419. no. Method. SAO PAULO, BRAZIL — Bayer said it expects its genetically modified soybean will account for about 10% of Brazil’s total soy planted area in 2022-23, Reuters reported. 05 million tons, which was not in balance with national soybean production of 864 thousand tons, a deficit of 2. Size. ) is the fourth most important crop in the world in terms of area harvested and production []. S13-1955C was tested in 177 environments across 13 states and averaged 101% of the check yield in Missouri and the southern states from 2014 to 2019. 7 to. Under the AICRPS system, 102 improved varieties have been developed till date under the domestic breeding programme ( Varieties List, Varieties state wise, Varieties with special characters). This research is funded by Organic Farmers of Michigan. Used 2020 Forest River Vibe 28BH. This report provides information on performance of non-GMO soybean varieties grown under certified organic management in 2018. This is equivalent to having added 5. 28 million tons, while the domestic production was 0. Here,. edu. The resulting losses are important to rural economies and to the economies of allied industries in urban areas. 4%), maize (14. Obviously, it’s key to select varieties that demonstrate the highest yield potential, although that’s only 80 percent of the equation. Figure 1. 1 t/ha against the national average productivity of. Thus soy-based meat and dairy alternatives can serve as good alternatives for these people while they are. One of the major health-promoting traits of soybean seed is the proposed ability to reduce the risk of metabolic. However, today’s disease scouting and phenotyping. Phytophagous insect incidence is a serious threat for reduction of crop productivity globally. In the face of global climate change and reduction of cultivated land area, legumes have been attached more importance to feed the future in light of their nutritional values and environmental benefits. (minimum of 10 locations), in the North Carolina Official Variety Tests (OVT) in 2013 through 2017. However, soybean is a new crop in Africa and there are few high-yielding variety options available especially to smallholder farmers. The European Union (EU) estimated its annual demand for plant proteins at 27 million tonnes, of which 93% was required for animal production, with only 0. 4 to 155. In 2017, on-farm research studies were conducted in three southwest counties (Perkins, Chase and Lincoln) with no increase in soybean yield or grain protein with 80 lbs of N/ac at R3 (beginning pod). The most notable of these are the disease Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) and stress from drought. About This Variety Plot Trial The County Soybean Variety Plots are randomized small plot trials. Four soybean varieties MACS 1520, AMS MB 5-18, RSC 10-52, and check NRC 86 were sown on two sowingThe increasing sodium salts (NaCl, NaHCO3, NaSO4 etc. Seed treatment and other data descriptions 6 2017-2018 Two-Year Means Table 3. The trial was conducted with 19 released soybean varieties in the year 2015 and 2016 main cropping season at Jimma, South Western parts of Ethiopia. The soybean plots were planted with a Haldrup small plot cone planter and harvested. At the same time, soybean variety screening has a crucial. Manitoba Variety Zone – Soybean varieties are organized into four maturity zones – very early-, early-, mid- and long-season. 2018 Chhattisgarh 2 JS-2098 MP, UP, Raj, Gujarat, Maharashtra 3 Kota Soya-1 (RKS-113). sojae WGE and identified two soybean R2R3-type MYB TFs that had contrasting roles in regulating glyceollin biosynthesis (Jahan et al. • Most soybean varieties in the Midwest. Rvs 2024 soybean Rvs 1135 soybeanrvs 2024 soybean varietyrvs 2024 soybean variety in Hindirvs 2024 soybean variety details1135 soybean variety rvs 1135rvs 11. The Intacta2 Xtend soybean variety could be sowed on 4. BrettYoung Seeds: 6090 RR is a new DefendR blackleg-rated canola hybrid with industry-leading blackleg performance in a variety with exceptional standability and yield. After years of breeding, the new conventional soybean varieties are suitable for planting in the Gansu Province of China. Soybean Variety Trial Results for 2018 and Selection Guide Fargo, North Dakota December 2018 NDSU EXTENSION Hans Kandel, Ted Helms, Sam Markell and Chad Deplazes (NDSU Main Station);. My Kisan Agro - Offering Dry Soybeans RVS 2001 4 Soyabean Seed, For Agriculture, Packaging Type: Loose at Rs 90/kg in Neemuch, Madhya Pradesh. Previous studies carried out in Paraná, southern Brazil, with soybean lines released from 1981 to 1986 indicated yield increases of 45 and 37 kg ha −1 yr −1 for early and semi-early maturity. Applied Turfgrass Science (2004–2014) Crop Management (2002–2014) Forage & Grazinglands (2003–2014) Journal of Production Agriculture (1988–1999)For example, soybean was planted on 5. 6 million tons and. 4. ) Merrill, is a legume belonging to the botanical family Leguminosae and subfamily of Papilionideae (Shurtleff & Aoyagi, 2007). Soybean (Glycine max) is an important oilseed crop that provides ~30% of the vegetable oil used for food, feed and industrial applications. Onaga, Pottawatomie County Dryland Soybean Performance Test, 2016-2018. Late Maturity Group III through mid- Maturity Group V varieties are best adapted to Maryland. Abstract Soybean mosaic disease (SMD) can be caused by a variety of viruses, most of which have been largely overlooked in breeding programs. Finally, in 2016, important varieties included AMS 2014-1 (PDKV Purva), DSb 32, JS 20-116, KDS 753 (Phule Kimaya), Kota Soya-1 (RKS 113), and Chhattisgarh Soya 1 (CG). A) Representative immunoblot showing the abundance of AAT Rhg1 protein in soybean lines that carry rhg1-c (WT), rhg1-a (low-copy), or rhg1-b (high-copy). Abstract. 2013सोयाबीन की खेती बंद कराने वाला कीड़ा फिर आ गया ! सोयाबीन की खेती सोयाबीन की. Most. Head over to the NC OVT website to check out the 2018 Soybean Variety Trial Results. Soybean is a nutritional and economically important crop originated in Asia. VSS-compliant soybean production accounted for 1. 18 soybean genotypes were examined to investigate the relationships between some principal attributions of morphology with seed yield per soybean, by Random Complete Block Design (RCBD) study. Soybean [Glycine max (L. From 2010 to 2014, soybean economic damage due to diseases have accounted for over an estimated $23 billion US dollars in the. Figure 1. Soybean was a minor crop until the 1960s, when it was restricted to the South. High global demand for soybean oil and US southern. States. One hundred ninety-six soybean varieties were evaluated in the 2018 Research & Education Center (REC) tests in Tennessee. soybean varieties in large plots located across the state. 1. 4 Mb (see details in. In addition, low efficiency in fertilizer N utilization (~13%) was observed, with the only. Animal-based fermented foods: (1). We captured insects belonging to 24 distinct species in a soybean field with. Early maturity soybean yield average was 56. 2. GM crop technology has had a significant positive impact on global gross farm income, which amounted to 18. 4 bushels per year over the last 30 years. Soybean variety selection. The self-fertilizing flowers are white or a shade of purple. Dietary Soy. 8% depending on the soybean varieties and cultivation conditions ( Wilson, 2004 ). Genetic engineering. Soybean varieties are available that have varying levels of resistance to some of the major diseases that occur in the United States and Ontario, Canada, such as soybean cyst nematode, sudden death syndrome, and frogeye leaf spot. 3710 per quintal to Rs. The aim of the study was to identify the response to sowing date of the chosen soybean cultivars by the evaluation of the length of the soybean vegetation period, yield level, its. This is equivalent to having added 5. , 2018). The glufosinate-tolerant trait LibertyLink remains a standalone option for growers in 2020, said Marc Hoobler, soybean agronomy lead for BASF, which now owns the trait after Bayer divested it in 2018. Introduction. In developing superior cultivars, cross-breeding is an effective breeding method in a great majority of. DSR Indore and JNKVV, Jabalpur. & Zucc. Cultivation of soybean has. Metrics details. Export Citation: Click for automatic bibliography generation . The model built from historical values indicated a total nutrient removal of 10. Table 30. Three varieties were used with maturity ratings of 00. This ultimately led to the reduction of genetic variability among existing soybean cultivars and stagnation in crop yield. , 2011) and 50% of the legume growing areas (Thilakarathna and Raizada, 2017). S. Six gene specific Cleaved. Study details The studies were conducted near […] The values for this equation came from the following sources: grain yield was the yield (kg ha −1) from our plots, soybean price was the 2018 calendar year average market price of soybean in Iowa ($0. Central Zone and North Eastern Zone. 2018 Soybean - RR. 2. 9. Resistance to ASR is conditioned by major genes called Rpps. Anthracnose/pod blight, caused by Colletotrichum species, is a major constraint on soybean cultivation and results in decreased soybean yield. In soybean, delayed sowing dates or lower latitudes causes premature flowering in soybean that reduces the vegetative period and thereby the yield. 63 million tons, thus around 81% of the soybean needed was. RVS 18 soybean variety details rvs 18 soybean variety details inhindi rvs 18 vs rvs 24rvs 18 soybeanrvs soybean varietyrvs soybeanrvs 24 soybeanrvs 2001 soyb. their fasting period. 833, p < 0. 7 bu/a with a range of 63. Because expression of SCN resistance is dependent on the occurrence and frequencies of genes for virulence in SCN populations, labeling of SCN-resistant cultivars can be difficult and, occasionally, highly misleading,. Differences in soybean varieties lead to significant differences in their protein, fat, and other constituent contents (Wang et al. Alleviate menopausal symptoms. General information of the 2018 soybean test 6 Table 2. 2. 3 kg Mg ha –1, and 21. The final results include source, variety, maturity group, hilum color, percent oil, percent protein, maturity days after planting, plant height, yield and multi. Pašaga Avdić. Introduction. One hundred ninety-six soybean varieties were evaluated in the 2018 Research & Education Center (REC) tests in Tennessee. To evaluate commercially available soybean varieties in Vermont, our team has conducted annual variety trials. Figure 1. Soybean traded at a price way above that in the months November 2020 onward. e. Resistance to YMV and Collar rot, moderately resistant to Rhizoctonia aerial blight, moderately resistance to insects. Soybeans were planted on 25-May and harvested on 12-Oct. 5 metres (m) tall Footnote 10. There is an urgent demand for high-yielding soybean cultivars to reduce the importation from other countries. 7 million t imported as soya. kharif season 2018-19. Soybeans flower for up to 5-6 weeks in the Midwest,. Soybean (Glycine max) is a major protein and vegetable oil source for humans. 5 feet) in height. However, the. Planting disease-resistant soybean varieties can be the most effective and economical disease management . New 2023 Forest River Vibe 28RL $38,995. prices (MSPs) of Soybean crop from Rs. The reports provide information regarding the performance of soybeans grown in Pennsylvania. Flowering is a. 2018 Soybean - Conventional and Liberty Link -. 2018. RKS 113 2018 : 123. The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), remains an important pest of soybean, Glycine max (L. 8% to the value of global production of the four main crops of soybeans, maize, canola, and cotton. Soybean variety x planting date interaction for test weight, 2018. 3; Rpp2), Iyodaizu B (Rpp2. MINNEAPOLIS — Performance comparisons of early (1. S15-10434C was developed following conventional breeding from a cross. . 2018 Soybean yield results. A total of 41 soybean varieties were entered by eight seed companies and two universities. ) has been narrowed through selective domestication and specific breeding improvement, similar to other crops. Specific details for the tests are described in the attached pages. The United States and Brazil were the largest producers at 4545 and 4299 million bushels, respectively, with China being the largest. Merr. It is important to understand the adaptive mechanisms through which plants overcome this kind of stress and to identify potential genes for improving abiotic stress tolerance. 58 kg ha -1. recommended for. Physiological maturity has been reached when 95 percent of the pods have the mature color. Summary. Please contact Jeremy if you have any questions or comments ([email protected] 2018, a variety trial consisting of 10 organic soybean varieties from 3 companies was conducted in block 2 (mapped as Ipava-Osco silt loam) of. Mutation breeding is a crucial technique in soybean improvement programs to develop new varieties with improved traits, such as yield, disease resistance, and nutrient content [42]. Fermented soy foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, nattō,. ], reducing the average annual soybean yield by an estimated 11% in the United States [1, 2]. The soybean plots were planted with a Haldrup small plot cone planter and harvested. Brown (tawny) and gray are the basic pubescence (hair) colors found among vari - eties. The largest areas in the world were in the Americas. The experimental design used was RCBD with. State-wise varieties of Soybean Crop notified under seed act from 2008 to 2019. Key message This review provides a comprehensive atlas of QTLs, genes, and alleles conferring resistance to 28 important diseases in all major soybean production regions in the world. We had 24 entries in 2018, down from 62 entries in 2017. Unit Approximate Metric Equivalent Length mi mile 1. In the Group 4 maturity, MorSoy 4268 RXT was the top-yielding variety across the all the plot location with a 53. Soybean is utilized globally for a healthy diet due to its high contents of iso-flavonoids and folic acid. evaluated from maturity groups 0, 1, and 2. The virus-infected soybean plants exhibit symptoms of dark spots with chlorotic halos.